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Terms commonly used in chain surveying and reconnaissance survey and index sketch

 Terms commonly used in surveying


1. Frame work: The system of lines or triangle covering the area to the surveyed is called frame work. such as A, B, C, D, E and G.

2. Survey stations: The ends of a chain line denotes survey stations.

Mainly two types of survey station

1 Main survey station

2 Subsidiary or tie station



1. Main station

Main station is a point in chain survey where the two sides of a traverse or triangle meet.These stations commands the boundaries of the survey and are designated by capital letters such as A, B, C and D.

2. Subsidiary or tie station

Tie station is a station on a survey line joining two main station. These are helpful the interior details of the area to be surveyed. and are designated by small letters such as a, b, c etc.

Main survey line

The chain line joining two main survey stations is called main survey line. AB and Bc is an example of main survey line.

Tie line or subsidiary line

A chain line joining two tie stations is called the tie line such as ab or cd. It is also called auxiliary line. These are provided to locate the interior details which are far away from the main line.

Base line

It is the longest main survey line on a fairly level ground and passing through the centre of the area. It is the most important line as and since the entire accuracy of the survey work depends upon its accuracy, straightness, therefore it should be measured twice or thrice by independent method.

Check line

Check line or proof line is a line which is provided to check the accuracy of the field work as well as plotting work. The measured length of the check line and the computed one must be the same. AD is an example of check line.

Reconnaissance survey and index sketch.

Before the commencement of any survey work the area to be surveyed is thoroughly examined by by the surveyor, Who then think about the possible arrangement of the framework of the survey. This primary investigation of the area is termed as reconnaissance survey or reconnoitre.


The neat hand sketch of the area which is prepared during reconnaissance survey is known as the index sketch or key plan.



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