what is Foundation in civil engineering, function of foundation and its requirement in engineering

FOUNDATION

Any load on a building ultimately gets transferred to the soil. The lowest load-bearing part of a building, usually located below the ground level. Which transferred the building load to the soil is termed as foundation.

Function of foundation

The foundation of a building performs a number of vital function. These include bearing the load of a building, anchoring it against natural forces such as earthquake and wind and isolating the building from ground moisture. The main function:

1.Distribution of load

2. Providing stability

3.Providing level surface

4.Safety against undermining

5.Prevention of soil movement

6.Minimizing unequal settlement

Requirements of foundation

1. Settlement of foundation should not exceed the permissible value.

2.The foundation should not be rigid enough to bring down differential settlement.

3.No part of a foundation is subjected to stresses beyond permissible value for any one or any possible combination of load.

4.The foundation pressure should not exceed the safe bearing capacity(S B C) of the soil.

5.Foundation should be located at sufficient depth so as to check failure due to swelling of subsoil or sliding or overturning due to lateral forces.

Tough words meaning

1.vital: necessary

2.anchoring: secure

3.isolating: separate

4.undermining: erode the base or foundation

5.erode: destroy

6.permissible: allowed value

7.rigid: Tough, hard

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